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Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - Mayotte (2002)
Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z Mayotte (2002)
| Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) | Mayotte (2002) | |
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| Administrative divisions | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | none (territorial collectivity of France) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
0-14 years: 46.6% (male 39,927; female 39,628)
15-64 years: 51.7% (male 48,237; female 40,210) 65 years and over: 1.7% (male 1,429; female 1,448) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products | vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra |
| Airports | 5 (2002) | 1 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 3
under 914 m: 3 (2002) |
- |
| Area | total: 12,173 sq km
land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands |
total: 374 sq km
land: 374 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Connecticut | slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982. | Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other islands of the Comoros group in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forego independence. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population | 43.59 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $66.2 million
expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.) |
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $73 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1991 est.) |
| Capital | Stanley | Mamoutzou |
| Climate | cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate | tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November) |
| Coastline | 1,288 km | 185.2 km |
| Constitution | 3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998 | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) |
conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte
conventional short form: Mayotte |
| Currency | Falkland pound (FKP) | euro (EUR); French franc (FRF) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population | 8.58 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $NA |
| Dependency status | overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina | territorial collectivity of France |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | none (territorial collectivity of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | none (territorial collectivity of France) |
| Disputes - international | claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force | claimed by Comoros |
| Economic aid - recipient | none | $107.7 million (1995); note - extensive French financial assistance |
| Economy - overview | The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost. | Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism. |
| Electricity - consumption | 15.19 million kWh (2001) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2001) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2001) | - |
| Electricity - production | 16.33 million kWh (2001) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001) |
fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Benara 660 m |
| Environment - current issues | overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster | NA |
| Ethnic groups | British | NA |
| Exchange rates | Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound | euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch |
chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Jean-Jacques BROT (since 3 July 2002)
head of government: President of the General Council Younoussa BAMANA (since NA 1977) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term |
| Exports | NA (2001) | $3.44 million f.o.b. (1997) |
| Exports - commodities | wool, hides, meat | ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon |
| Exports - partners | Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002) | France 80%, Comoros 15%, Reunion |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | calendar year |
| Flag description | blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT | the flag of France is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.) | purchasing power parity - $85 million (1998 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.) | purchasing power parity - $600 (1998 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 51 45 S, 59 00 W | 12 50 S, 45 10 E |
| Geography - note | deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season | part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands |
| Highways | total: 440 km
paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002) |
total: 93 km
paved: 72 km unpaved: 21 km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | NA (2001) | $141.3 million f.o.b. (1997) |
| Imports - commodities | fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing | food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals |
| Imports - partners | UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002) | France 66%, Africa 14%, Southeast Asia 11% (1997) |
| Independence | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | none (territorial collectivity of France) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | fish and wool processing; tourism | newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA%
male: NA% female: NA% |
67.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3.6% (1998) | NA% |
| International organization participation | ICFTU | FZ |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | NA |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction | Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel |
| Labor force | 1,100 (est.) | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) | - |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.) |
arable land: NA%
permanent crops: NA% other: NA% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | English | Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population |
| Legal system | English common law | French law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor
elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout |
unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 7 October 2000 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held as a special election on NA June 2005); results - percent of vote by party - UMP-RPR 55.08%, UDF 44.92%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years |
total population: 60.21 years
male: 58.12 years female: 62.37 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition: NA
total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina | Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique |
| Map references | South America | Africa |
| Maritime claims | continental shelf: 200 NM
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK | defense is the responsibility of France; small contingent of French forces stationed on the island |
| Military branches | British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $NA | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA% | - |
| National holiday | Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | noun: Falkland Islander(s)
adjective: Falkland Island |
noun: Mahorais (singular and plural)
adjective: Mahoran |
| Natural hazards | strong winds persist throughout the year | cyclones during rainy season |
| Natural resources | fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss | NEGL |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population | 9.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none; all independents | Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Younoussa BAMANA]; Federation of Mahorans or RPR [Moustoifa MOHAMED]; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Younoussa BEN ALI]; Socialist Party or PS (local branch of French Parti Socialiste) [Ibrahim ABUBACAR]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE]; note - may no longer be in existence |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 2,967 (July 2003 est.) | 170,879 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 2.44% (2003 est.) | 4.41% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Stanley
note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988 |
Dzaoudzi |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001) |
| Radios | - | NA |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km (2002) |
| Religions | primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist | Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic) |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.2 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: NA
domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries |
general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications
domestic: NA international: microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros (2001) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 12,000 (1998) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | 0 (2000) |
| Television broadcast stations | 2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service)
note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002) |
3 (2001) |
| Terrain | rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains | generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman | 6.15 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | full employment; labor shortage | 45% (1997) (1997) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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